Common: Validate the number of {} fields in format strings

Unfortunately, {fmt} allows passing too many arguments to a format call
without raising any runtime or compile-time error [1].

As this is a common source of bugs since we started migrating to {fmt},
this commit adds some custom logic to validate the number of
replacement fields in format strings in addition to {fmt}'s own checks.

[1] https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt/issues/492

Source/Core/Common/Common.vcxproj

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@
     <ClInclude Include="FileUtil.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="FixedSizeQueue.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Flag.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="FormatUtil.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="FPURoundMode.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="GekkoDisassembler.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="GL\GLExtensions\AMD_pinned_memory.h" />
@@ -283,4 +284,4 @@
   <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
   <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
   </ImportGroup>
-</Project>
+</Project>